Safety technical assessment standards for crane drivers

This standard specifies the conditions and methods for the safety and technical assessment of crane drivers. It is suitable for drivers of general bridge cranes , metallurgical cranes, gantry cranes , loading and unloading bridges, portal cranes, tower cranes, truck cranes, tire cranes, crawler cranes, fixed rotating cranes, and railway cranes.

1 Driver conditions

1.1 Be at least 18 years old and have a junior high school education level or above.

1.2 Good health, with a visual acuity of not less than 0.7 in both eyes (the lifting height of the crane is above 20m, and the visual acuity in both eyes is not less than 1.0), no color blindness, no hearing impairment, no epilepsy, high blood pressure, heart disease, dizziness And sudden fainting diseases, no other diseases and physical defects that hinder lifting operations.

2 Training, assessment, and certification

2.1 Training

　　a.  Training by the provincial, prefectural, and municipal labor department or its designated unit;

　　b.  Training organized by enterprises and institutions and their competent departments;

　　c.  Professional (technician) school training;

　　d. The  training time shall not be less than six months.

2.2 Assessment

　　a. After the  training period expires, the provincial, prefectural, and municipal labor department or its designated unit shall conduct an assessment in accordance with the provisions of this standard. After passing the safety technology theory test, the actual operation test will be carried out;

　　b. The  practical examinations of safety technology theory are all 100-point systems, each passing 60 points.

2.3 Issuance

Those who have passed the test of safety technology theory and practical operation must also practice on the actual driving crane for one to three months, confirm the skilled operation, and the provincial, prefectural, and municipal labor department will issue the operation certificate of this model before independent operation.

2.4 Drivers of tire cranes and truck cranes that are also used for lifting operations, in addition to obtaining a driver’s license as required, must also be trained, assessed and issued in accordance with this standard.

2.5 For crane drivers not covered by this standard, the competent department of the enterprise shall conduct training, assessment and certification according to this standard.

3 Review

3.1 The crane driver who has obtained the operation certificate shall be reviewed every two years by the assessment and certification department or its designated unit.

3.2 Review content

　　a.  Physical examination;

　　b.  Retest the safety technology theory and actual operation of this model;

　　c.  Check illegal operations and accidents.

3.3 Those who fail to pass the re-examination can be re-examined within two months, and those who still fail to pass the re-examination shall have their operating certificates collected. Those who have not been reviewed shall not continue to operate independently.

3.4 During the two review periods, crane drivers who are safe and accident-free can be exempted from the test after being reviewed by their unit and reported to the certification department for approval, but they shall not be exempted from the test continuously.

4 Safety technology theory exam content

4.1 The structure, performance and working principle of the crane.

4.2 Basic knowledge of crane electrical, hydraulic and prime mover.

4.3 The safety technical requirements of the main components of the crane and the scrapping standards of the wearing parts.

4.4 The safety load, use, maintenance and scrap standards of the wire rope of the lifting machine.

4.5 The structure, working principle and adjustment method of crane safety device, braking device and control system.

4.6 Correctly judge the common faults of the crane.

4.7 General knowledge of crane maintenance.

4.8 Basic knowledge of mechanics such as force and force synthesis and decomposition, moment, center of gravity, and crane stability.

4.9 Weight calculation and binding knowledge of general objects.

4.10 Common sense about electrical safety, safety in climbing operations, fire prevention and rescue.

4.11 GB5082-85 " Hoisting Command Signal " and related safety signs.

4.12 Safe operation techniques, common lifting accidents and preventive measures.

4.13 Crane safety operation regulations and GB6067-85 " Safety Regulations for Lifting Machinery " and other relevant regulations.

5 Practical exam

5.1 Drivers of general bridge cranes, metallurgical special cranes, gantry cranes, and loading and unloading bridges should choose general bridge cranes or gantry cranes with a rated lifting capacity of 5-20t and a lifting height of more than 8m.

The first test is to lift the bucket to run in a curve and park at a fixed point.   Table 1

a.  Bucket: the outer diameter is 500mm, the height is 700mm, the water surface is 100mm from the bucket mouth, and the hook is 1000mm from the bucket mouth.

b.  Benchmark: High 2000mm, diameter 20~30mm, base diameter 250mm, thickness 10mm.

c.  Test method: After receiving the command signal, lift the bucket from A to 1000mm from the ground, run it horizontally according to the route shown in the figure, and go to the top of B to descend, and put it into circle B at a time. Then lift the bucket from B and put it into circle C and circle A successively. When the bucket is hoisted from B and C, it is 3000mm from the ground, and it is allowed to stop once in the descending way of C circle and A circle. (The maximum score is 50 points, and the deduction standard is shown in Table A1 in Appendix A)

d.  Exam time limit: Complete the above operations within four minutes.

The second question is to lift the round steel through the frame.                Table 2

Note: The AB connection is located on the intersection of the vertical plane of the crane bridge center and the ground.

　　a.  Round steel: diameter 300mm, height 200mm, the hook is 500mm from the top surface of the round steel.

　　b.  Examination method: After receiving the command signal, lift the round steel from point A, pass through all the frames in turn, and put it into point B. It is not allowed to knock down the vehicle during operation. (Full score is 30 points, see Table A2 in Appendix A for the deduction criteria)

c.  Exam time limit: Complete the above operations within one minute.

The third test question is assigned by the assessment department according to the different performance and operating characteristics of the crane. Mainly assess professional operation skills, turn over parts, eliminate common faults, operate according to command signals, emergency operations, etc. (Full score 20)

5.2 Drivers of portal cranes and tower cranes

Exam question 1   Exam should choose the crane of this model with a lifting height of 20m or more.

a.  Water tank: the side length is 1000×1000×1000mm, the water surface is 200mm from the box opening, and the hook is 1000mm from the box opening.

　　b.  Test method: After receiving the command signal, lift the water tank from A and put it in circle B and C, then lift the water tank from C, return it to circle B and circle A, and finally put it in circle B and circle A. The water tank is hoisted from A and placed directly into the C circle. The water tank is 4000mm from the ground when it is hoisted everywhere, and it is allowed to stop twice during each descent. (Full score is 40 points, the deduction standard is shown in Table A3 in Appendix A)

c.  Examination time limit: to complete the above operations, the portal crane is two minutes and thirty seconds, and the tower crane is determined by the assessment department.

The second question is to lift the water tank to run in the pole and shoot down the wooden block.

a.  Water tank: the side length is 1000×1000×1000mm, the water surface is 200mm from the box opening, and the hook is 1000mm from the box opening.

b.  Benchmark: High 2000mm, diameter 20-30mm, base diameter 300mm, thickness 10mm.

c.  The heights of the five uprights are 1000, 1500, 1800, 1500, 1000mm in sequence, and they are evenly distributed on the CD arc. Wooden blocks of 200×200×300mm are placed on the tops of the columns.

d.  Test method: After receiving the command signal, hoist the water tank from A to 1000mm from the ground, and move it in the pole according to the route shown in the figure. Go to the top of B, that is, reverse rotation, and use the water tank to shoot down the wood blocks on the top of the column in turn. , And finally put the water tank back to A. It is not allowed to knock down the vehicle during the operation of shooting down the wood block. (Full score is 40 points, see Table A4 in Appendix A for the deduction criteria)

e.  Examination time limit: to complete the above operations, the portal crane is two minutes and thirty seconds, and the tower crane is determined by the assessment department. The third test question is assigned by the assessment department according to the different performance and operating characteristics of the crane. The main assessment is to eliminate common faults, emergency operations, and the driver operates according to the command signal when the hanging object is invisible. (Full score 20)

5.3 Drivers of truck cranes, tyre cranes, crawler cranes, fixed rotating cranes, and railway cranes should choose this type of crane with a maximum lifting capacity of 3--25t.

Lift up the bucket and park it at a fixed point.

　　a.  Bucket: outer diameter 580mm, height 900mm, the water surface is 150mm from the bucket mouth, and the hook is 1000mm from the bucket mouth.

　　b.  Benchmark: height 1500mm, diameter 20~30mm, base diameter 200mm, thickness 10mm. Note: The size in the table can be selected according to the different specifications of the crane.

　　c.  Test method: After receiving the command signal, lift the bucket from A and put it into circle B and circle C, then lift the bucket from C, return it to circle B and circle A, and finally put it in circle B and circle A. The bucket is hoisted from A and put directly into the C circle. The bucket is 4000mm from the ground when it is hoisted everywhere, and it is allowed to stop twice during each descent. For cranes that cannot carry luffing, the distance from the center of rotation to the bucket parking points A, B, and C is the same value. (Full score is 40 points, see Table A5 in Appendix A for the deduction criteria)

d.  Exam time limit: determined by the assessment department.

The second question is to lift the bucket to run in the pole and shoot down the wooden block.

Note: The size in the table can be selected according to the different specifications of the crane.

　　a.  Bucket: outer diameter 580mm, height 900mm, the water surface is 150mm from the bucket mouth, and the hook is 1000mm from the bucket mouth.

　　b.  Benchmark; height 2000mm, diameter 20-30mm, base diameter 200mm, thickness 10mm.

　　c.  The heights of the five uprights are 1000, 1500, 1800, 1500, 1000mm in sequence, and they are evenly distributed on the AB arc. On the top of the column is placed a cubic wood block with a side length of 200mm.

　　d.  Test method: After receiving the command signal, hoist the bucket from A to 500mm from the ground, run in the pole according to the route shown in the figure, and go to the top of B, that is, reverse rotation, and shoot down the wood blocks at the top of the column in turn with buckets , And finally put the bucket back to A. It is not allowed to knock down the vehicle during the operation of shooting down the wood block. Cranes that cannot carry luffing, only test for knocking down wooden blocks. (Full score is 40 points, see Table A6 in Appendix A for the deduction criteria)

　　e.  Examination time limit: determined by the assessment department.

The third test question is assigned by the assessment department according to the different performance and operating characteristics of the crane. Mainly assess professional operation skills, visually measure weight, eliminate common faults, emergency operations, and operate according to command signals. (Full score 20)

Appendix A:                           Deduction Standards for Practical Exam

(Supplement) A.1 The drivers of general-purpose bridge cranes, metallurgical cranes, gantry cranes, and loading and unloading bridges should follow the regulations in Table A1 and Table A2.

Table A1 The standard of deducting points for curve operation and fixed-point parking when the bucket is lifted

Table A2 The deduction criteria for hoisting round steel through the frame

A.2 The driver of gantry crane and tower crane shall follow the regulations in Table A3 and Table A4.

Table A3 Standards for deducting points for fixed-point parking when lifting the water tank

Table A4 Standards for deducting points for hoisting the bucket to run in the pole and shooting down wooden blocks

A.3 Drivers of truck cranes, tire cranes, crawler cranes, fixed rotating cranes, and railway cranes shall comply with the regulations in Table A5 and Table A6.

Table A5 Standards for deducting points for fixed-point parking of lifting buckets

Table A6 Standards for deducting points for hoisting the bucket to run in the pole and shooting down wooden blocks

Note: The numbers in parentheses are only applicable to cranes that cannot be loaded with luffing.

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