بيانات الجمارك الصينية يدل على أن في 2021 جمهورية الدومينيكان imported electric hoists from China worth $232,000 and non-electric hoists worth $126,000. Compared to 2020, the figures are $179,000 and $59,000. From the data point of view, the demand for electric hoists manufactured in China in the Dominican Republic in 2021 is increasing. Considering the global economic downturn in 2021 under the influence of the COVID-19 epidemic, the further deepening of trade relations between the Dominican Republic and China is the best opportunity for Chinese crane suppliers to improve themselves.
ممتازة رافعة المورد في الصين ، Dongqi Crane can provide various types of electric hoists and non-electric hoists to the Dominican Republic. Dongqi Crane has many years of overseas crane service experience, and has many mature crane installation and service cases in the Dominican Republic. For more details, please feel free to الاتصال بنا. This article will introduce the working characteristics and technical parameters of different types of electric hoists one by one for Dominican customers. If you are interested in our products, you can click here to الاتصال بناأو قل لنا من قبل البريد الإلكتروني: sales010@cranesdq.com
Types of electric hoists sold by Dongqi Hoist to Dominican Republic
MD1 Double Speed Electric Hoist for Dominican Republic
مضاعفة سرعة رافعة كهربائية صغيرة الحجم معدات الرفع ، التي يتم تثبيتها على عارضة واحدة ، جسر رافعات, رافعات جسرية, رافعات جيب التعامل مع المواد. باعتبارها واحدة من عادة تستخدم معدات مناولة المواد ، مضاعفة سرعة الرافعة الكهربائية وعادة ما تستخدم في مصنع تعدين, السكك الحديدية, الموانئ, والتخزين, الخ.
MD1 two-speed electric hoist has wide application potential in many fields in Dominican Republic due to its two-speed operation, smooth and accurate lifting, and wide application range. The following is an analysis of the working characteristics of MD1 two-speed electric hoist and its application field in Dominican Republic:
تعمل خصائص MD1 اثنين من سرعة الرافعة الكهربائية
اثنين-عملية السرعة:
MD1 two-speed electric hoist has two lifting speeds: normal speed (8m/min) and slow speed (0.8m/min), which can be adjusted according to actual needs. The slow speed mode is mainly used for fine operations such as precision loading and unloading, sand box mold closing, etc., while the normal speed mode is suitable for general heavy object handling.
على نحو سلس ودقيق رفع:
Due to the dual-speed design and advanced control technology, MD1 two-speed electric hoist can remain stable during the lifting process, reduce shaking and impact, and ensure the safety and accurate placement of goods.
نطاق تطبيق واسع:
MD1 two-speed electric hoist can be used in a working environment of -20℃~+40℃, suitable for various harsh industrial environments. At the same time, it can also be installed on straight or curved I-beams, as well as bridge cranes, gantry cranes or cantilever cranes to meet the lifting needs of different occasions.
حماية السلامة:
The MD1 two-speed electric hoist is equipped with a variety of safety protection devices such as overload protection device and limit switch, which can monitor the lifting load and the travel range of the hoist in real time to ensure the safety of lifting operations.
من السهل أن تعمل:
The MD1 two-speed electric hoist is usually operated by wired control or remote control. The operator can achieve various actions such as lifting, lowering, walking, and adjust the running speed by manipulating the buttons in the controller or using the remote control.
Application areas in the Dominican Republic
التصنيع:
In the manufacturing industry in the Dominican Republic, the MD1 two-speed electric hoist can be used for material handling, component assembly and other operations on the production line. Its two-speed operation and stable lifting characteristics help improve production efficiency and product quality.
الموانئ والخدمات اللوجستية:
In the ports and logistics centers of the Dominican Republic, the MD1 two-speed electric hoist can be used for operations such as loading and unloading of containers, stacking and handling of goods. Its powerful lifting capacity and flexible operation mode help to speed up the turnover of goods and improve logistics efficiency.
Construction Site:
The MD1 two-speed electric hoist can be used for the handling and installation of building materials, such as steel bars, concrete components, etc. at construction sites. Its compact structure and flexible operation enable the crane to operate flexibly in a small building space, improving the efficiency and quality of construction.
Repair and Assembly:
In the Dominican repair and assembly industry, the MD1 two-speed electric hoist can be used for operations such as repair, assembly and disassembly of heavy equipment. Its precise slow speed mode and powerful lifting capacity help ensure safety and accuracy during repair and assembly.
Agriculture and Agricultural Research:
Although the direct application of the MD1 two-speed electric hoist in the agricultural field is relatively small, it still has certain application potential in agricultural research and agricultural product processing. For example, in the process of agricultural product processing, the MD1 two-speed electric hoist can be used to handle and stack agricultural products to improve production efficiency.
In summary, the MD1 two-speed electric hoist plays an important role in the economic development of the Dominican Republic with its unique working characteristics and wide application fields. Through the rational application of these lifting equipment, work efficiency can be significantly improved, costs can be reduced and the industrialization process of the Dominican Republic can be promoted.
CD1 Single Speed Electric Wire Rope Hoist for Dominican Republic
Electric wire rope hoist is a type of material handling equipment, installed on a single beam crane, linear curve strander beams or it can be used at the hoisting mechanism of double beam crane, gantry crane, linear crane for material handling by industrial and mining enterprises, railways, and warehouses, etc. The lifting capacity of single speed electric wire rope hoist is 0,5 to 32 ton and the working class is M3 and M4.
CD1 single-speed wire rope electric hoist has shown wide application potential in many fields in Dominican Republic with its compact structure, light weight, easy operation, safety and reliability, and wide application range. The following is an analysis of the working characteristics of CD1 single-speed wire rope electric hoist and its application field in Dominican Republic:
تعمل خصائص CD1 واحد السرعة سلك حبل الرافعة الكهربائية
بنية مدمجة وخفيفة الوزن:
CD1 electric hoist adopts an integrated design, compact structure, light weight, and easy installation and maintenance. This allows it to be used flexibly in places with limited space and improve space utilization.
عملية سهلة:
CD1 electric hoist is easy to operate, the control box is reasonably designed, and it is equipped with up and down travel protection fire limiter to ensure safe operation. At the same time, the hand-operated button switch is light and flexible, and is divided into two modes: rope operation and ropeless remote control, which is convenient for operators to choose according to actual needs.
آمنة وموثوق بها:
CD1 electric hoist adopts high-strength lifting chain and high-quality wire rope to ensure the safety of lifting operations. At the same time, it is also equipped with multiple safety protection devices, such as overload protection device, limit switch, etc., to monitor the lifting load and the travel range of the hoist in real time, effectively preventing accidents.
مجموعة واسعة من التطبيقات:
CD1 electric hoist is suitable for various harsh industrial environments, such as factories, mines, ports, warehouses, etc. Its powerful lifting capacity and flexible operation mode can meet the lifting needs of different occasions.
صيانة مريحة:
The motor, drum and other key components of CD1 electric hoist are reasonably designed and easy to inspect and maintain. This reduces maintenance costs and increases the service life of the equipment.
Application areas in the Dominican Republic
التصنيع:
In the manufacturing industry in the Dominican Republic, CD1 electric hoists can be used for material handling, parts assembly and other operations on the production line. Its compact structure and easy operation help improve production efficiency and quality.
الموانئ والخدمات اللوجستية:
CD1 electric hoists are widely used in ports and logistics centers in the Dominican Republic. It can be used for operations such as loading and unloading of containers, stacking and handling of goods, etc., to improve logistics efficiency and reduce labor costs.
مواقع البناء:
In Dominican construction sites, CD1 electric hoists can be used for the handling and installation of construction materials, such as steel bars, concrete components, etc. Its powerful lifting capacity and flexible operation methods help to speed up the construction progress and improve the quality of the project.
Mines and Mining:
CD1 electric hoists also have certain application potential in mines and mining sites in the Dominican Republic. It can be used for operations such as ore collection, transportation and stacking, improve mining efficiency and reduce labor costs.
Repair and Assembly:
In the Dominican repair and assembly industry, CD1 electric hoists can be used for operations such as repair, assembly and disassembly of heavy equipment. Its easy operation and safe and reliable characteristics help to ensure safety and accuracy during repair and assembly.
In summary, CD1 single-speed wire rope electric hoists play an important role in the economic development of the Dominican Republic with their unique working characteristics and wide application fields. Through the rational application of these lifting equipment, work efficiency can be significantly improved, costs can be reduced and the industrialization process of the Dominican Republic can be promoted.
الأوروبي سلك حبل الرافعة الكهربائية المطورة حديثا معدات مناولة المواد مع متقدمة تكنولوجيا تصميم وفقا FEM المعايير والأنظمة الأخرى. جديد المسلسل من سلك حبل الرافعة الكهربائية هي صديقة للبيئة وتوفير الطاقة فعالة من حيث التكلفة التي تحتل المرتبة الأعلى بين منتجات مماثلة. رفع قدرة الأوروبي الأسلاك الكهربائية حبل الرافعة من 1 إلى 80 طن و الطبقة العاملة هو M5 و M6. حسب الطلب الأوروبي سلك حبل الرافعة الكهربائية متوفرة.
European electric hoist is an electric lifting machinery that adopts European technology and standards. It has the characteristics of compact structure, light weight, safety and reliability, excellent performance, and easy maintenance. Combined with its working characteristics, the application field of European electric hoist in Dominica is quite extensive. The following is a detailed analysis of its application field:
1. Working characteristics of European electric hoist
بنية مدمجة وخفيفة الوزن: The design of European electric hoist makes its structure more compact and lighter, which is convenient for operation and installation in a limited space.
آمنة وموثوق بها: European electric hoist is usually equipped with multiple safety protection devices, such as overload protection, limit protection, etc., to ensure the safety of lifting operations.
ممتازة الأداء: European electric hoist has efficient and stable lifting performance and can meet various complex lifting needs.
سهولة الصيانة: The structural design of European electric hoist makes it easy to inspect and maintain, reducing maintenance costs and increasing the service life of equipment.
2. Application field of European electric hoist in Dominica
الصناعة التحويلية
In the manufacturing industry of Dominica, European electric hoist can be used for material handling, parts assembly and other operations on the production line. Its compact structure and easy operation contribute to improving production efficiency and quality.
Especially in the automobile manufacturing, machinery manufacturing and other industries, European electric hoists can accurately handle and assemble heavy parts to ensure the smooth operation of the production line.
الموانئ والخدمات اللوجستية
In the ports and logistics centers of the Dominican Republic, European electric hoists can be used for operations such as loading and unloading containers, stacking and handling of goods. Its powerful lifting capacity and flexible operation methods help improve logistics efficiency and reduce labor costs.
The automation and intelligent characteristics of European electric hoists make the operations of ports and logistics centers more efficient, accurate and safe.
Construction sites
In the construction sites of the Dominican Republic, European electric hoists can be used for the handling and installation of construction materials, such as steel bars, concrete components, etc. Its powerful lifting capacity and stable performance help to speed up the construction progress and improve the quality of the project.
Especially in the construction of high-rise buildings and large bridges, European electric hoists can accurately handle and install heavy construction materials to ensure the safety and accuracy of construction.
Mines and Mining
In the mines and mining sites of the Dominican Republic, European electric hoists can be used for operations such as ore collection, transportation and stacking. Its compact structure and light weight enable it to be flexibly operated in a small space, improving mining efficiency.
At the same time, the safety protection device of the European electric hoist can ensure the safety of mining operations and reduce the risk of accidents.
Repair and Assembly
In the repair and assembly industry of the Dominican Republic, European electric hoists can be used for operations such as repair, assembly and disassembly of heavy equipment. Its easy operation and safe and reliable characteristics help to ensure safety and accuracy during the repair and assembly process.
Especially in the repair and maintenance of large mechanical equipment, European electric hoists can accurately carry and install heavy parts and improve repair efficiency and quality.
Agriculture and Agricultural Research
In the field of agriculture and agricultural research in the Dominican Republic, although European electric hoists are relatively less directly used, they still have application value in certain specific scenarios. For example, in the processing and storage of agricultural products, European electric hoists can be used to carry and stack agricultural products to improve production efficiency.
In summary, the application fields of European electric hoists in the Dominican Republic are quite extensive, covering manufacturing, ports and logistics, construction sites, mines and mining, maintenance and assembly, agriculture and agricultural research, etc. Its compact structure, light weight, safety and reliability, excellent performance and easy maintenance make European electric hoists an indispensable lifting equipment in various industries in the Dominican Republic.
سلسلة الكهربائية يرفعون الخفيفة والصغيرة رفع معدات مناولة المواد. سلسلة الكهربائية يرفعون تتألف أساسا من محرك, عملية بث آلية عجلة السلسلة, إلخ. مرفاع كهربائي من DQCRANES لديها ميزات توقعات جميلة ومتينة متانة و التكنولوجيا الدولية ، الخ. داخل التروس من سلسلة الكهربائية يرفعون الساخنة مروي مما يزيد من مقاومة التآكل من العتاد و المتانة. رفع قدرة سلسلة الكهربائية يرفعون 0.5 إلى 35 طن و الطبقة العاملة M3 M4 أو.
As a light and small lifting equipment, the electric chain hoist has shown wide application potential in many fields in Dominica due to its safety, efficiency and practicality. The following is an analysis of the working characteristics of the electric chain hoist and a discussion of its application fields in Dominica:
Working characteristics of electric chain hoist
بنية مدمجة وخفيفة الوزن:
The electric chain hoist uses a high-strength tensile shell or a die-cast aluminum shell, which is precision manufactured through a thin-wall extrusion molding process, making it compact in structure, light in weight, and easy to install and move.
أداء موثوق بها وسهلة التشغيل:
The internal gears of the electric chain hoist have undergone high-temperature quenching treatment, which significantly improves the wear resistance and toughness. At the same time, advanced technology and precise manufacturing standards are adopted to ensure stable and reliable equipment performance. The operator can easily control the lifting and walking of the hoist through buttons or remote control, making the operation simple and fast.
مجموعة واسعة من التطبيقات:
The lifting capacity of electric chain hoists generally ranges from 0.1 to 60 tons, and the lifting height can reach 3 to 120 meters, which can meet the lifting needs of different occasions. At the same time, it can also be installed on suspended I-beams, curved tracks, jib crane guide rails and fixed lifting points to lift heavy objects, with a wide range of applications.
Complete safety protection devices:
The electric chain hoist is equipped with multiple safety protection devices such as overload protection and fire protection, which can monitor and warn potential safety risks in real time during the operation of the equipment to ensure the safety of lifting operations.
Application areas in Dominica
التصنيع:
In the Dominican manufacturing industry, electric chain hoists can be used for material handling, parts assembly and other operations on the production line. Its compact structure and easy operation help improve production efficiency and quality. Especially in industries such as automobile manufacturing and machinery manufacturing, electric chain hoists can accurately transport and assemble heavy parts, ensuring the smooth operation of production lines.
الموانئ والخدمات اللوجستية:
In Dominican ports and logistics centers, electric chain hoists can be used for container loading and unloading, cargo stacking and handling, etc. Its powerful lifting capacity and flexible operation methods help improve logistics efficiency and reduce labor costs. At the same time, the electric chain hoist can also be used with various auxiliary equipment, such as cantilever cranes, I-beams, etc., to meet the material handling needs of different occasions.
موقع البناء:
In Dominican construction sites, electric chain hoists can be used for the transportation and installation of building materials, such as steel bars, concrete components, etc. Its powerful lifting capacity and stable performance help speed up construction progress and improve project quality. Especially in the construction of high-rise buildings and large bridges, electric chain hoists can accurately transport and install heavy construction materials, ensuring the safety and accuracy of construction.
Repair and assembly:
In the Dominican Republic's maintenance and assembly industry, electric chain hoists are used for maintenance, assembly and disassembly of heavy equipment. Its easy operation, safe and reliable features help ensure safety and accuracy during maintenance and assembly. Especially in the repair and maintenance of large mechanical equipment, electric chain hoists can accurately transport and install heavy parts, improving maintenance efficiency and quality.
Entertainment and Performances:
In the Dominican entertainment and performance industry, electric chain hoists also have certain application value. For example, in theaters, studios and other performance venues, electric chain hoists can be used to hang and carry stage scenery, lighting equipment and other items to improve the performance and viewing pleasure. At the same time, its flexible operation mode and stable performance can also meet the needs of rapid scene changes during performances.
To sum up, the application fields of electric chain hoists in Dominica are quite extensive, covering many fields such as manufacturing, ports and logistics, construction sites, maintenance and assembly, and entertainment and performances. Its compact structure, light weight, reliable performance, easy operation and complete safety protection devices make the electric chain hoist an indispensable lifting equipment in various industries in Dominica.
Low Headroom Electric Wire Rope Hoist for Dominican Republic
منخفضة الإرتفاع الرافعة الكهربائية تتحول من CD / MD الرافعة الكهربائية. المنتج يحتوي على خصائص بنية متراص, رفع وحيد, مزدوج سرعة عالية فعالة رفع السكتة الدماغية وعملية مستقرة. وقد نطاق تطبيق واسع ، خاصة في مباني المصنع. ارتفاع الرحلة يمكن أن تقلل من ارتفاع المبنى والحد من تكلفة البناء.
Low headroom wire rope electric hoist has shown wide application potential in many fields in Dominica with its compact structure, high lifting height and smooth operation. The following is an analysis of the working characteristics of low headroom wire rope electric hoist and its application field in Dominica:
تعمل خصائص منخفضة الإرتفاع سلك حبل الرافعة الكهربائية
هيكل مدمج:
Low headroom wire rope electric hoist adopts optimized design, compact structure, small space occupation, and is easy to install and operate in a limited space.
ارتفاع رفع الارتفاع:
Compared with ordinary electric hoists, low headroom wire rope electric hoists have a higher lifting height, which can effectively increase the working space and reduce the building height and cost.
سلاسة:
The lifting reducer made of high-quality alloy steel and excellent transmission technology make the low headroom wire rope electric hoist run smoothly, with low noise and long life.
التنوع:
According to user needs, it can realize various functions such as hoist operation, lifting single and double speed or variable frequency stepless speed control, remote control operation, overload protection, motor overheat protection, etc.
سهلة للحفاظ على:
The whole structure is reasonably designed, easy to disassemble, install and repair, with good maintainability and reduced maintenance costs.
Application areas in the Dominican Republic
التصنيع:
In the manufacturing industry in the Dominican Republic, low-headroom wire rope electric hoists can be used for material handling, equipment assembly and other operations on the production line. Its compact structure and high lifting height make the production line layout more flexible and improve production efficiency.
موقع البناء:
In the new construction or renovation projects in the Dominican Republic, low-headroom wire rope electric hoists can be used for the handling and installation of construction materials. Especially in the construction of high-rise buildings and large bridges, its high lifting height and stable performance help to speed up the construction progress and improve the quality of the project.
الموانئ والخدمات اللوجستية:
In Dominican ports and logistics centers, low-headroom wire rope electric hoists can be used for container loading and unloading, cargo stacking and handling. Its smooth operation and versatility help improve logistics efficiency and reduce labor costs.
Maintenance and assembly:
In the Dominican maintenance and assembly industry, low-headroom wire rope electric hoists can be used for heavy equipment maintenance, assembly and disassembly. Its compact structure and easy maintenance make the maintenance process more efficient and safe.
Agriculture and agricultural research:
Although low-headroom wire rope electric hoists are relatively less directly used in the agricultural field, they still have application value in certain specific scenarios. For example, in agricultural product processing and storage, low-headroom wire rope electric hoists can be used to handle and stack heavy agricultural products to improve production efficiency.
مجالات أخرى:
In addition, low-headroom wire rope electric hoists can also be used in mineral mining, metallurgical industry, shipbuilding and other fields to meet the lifting needs in various complex environments.
In summary, low headroom wire rope electric hoists are widely used in the Dominican Republic, covering manufacturing, construction sites, ports and logistics, maintenance and assembly, agriculture and other fields. Its compact structure, high lifting height, stable operation and versatility make low headroom wire rope electric hoists an indispensable lifting equipment in various industries in the Dominican Republic.
Manual Chain Hoist / Chain Block for Dominican Republic
Manual chain hoist / chain block is one of the most economical material handling equipment with features of hand operation, simple structure, cost-effective, widely application, etc. What’s more, the spark resistant features, such as, stainless steel, bronze hooks, chains, wheels, etc are available to manual chain hoist / chain block. The lifting capacity of manual chain hoist / chain block is 0.5 to 100 ton.
As a manual lifting machinery that is easy to use and carry, the manual hoist has a wide range of applications in the Dominican Republic. The following is an analysis of the working characteristics of the manual hoist and its application in the Dominican Republic:
Working characteristics of the manual hoist
هيكل مدمج وسهل الحمل:
The manual hoist has the characteristics of small size and light weight, which is easy to carry and move, and is suitable for various scenarios that require flexible use.
قوي قدرة الرفع:
The lifting capacity of the manual hoist generally does not exceed a certain limit (such as 50 tons), but it is sufficient to meet the short-distance lifting needs of most small equipment and goods.
عملية سهلة:
The operation of the manual hoist is relatively simple, without the need for complex power or hydraulic systems, and lifting, traction, lowering and calibration operations can be achieved by manpower.
آمنة وموثوق بها:
The manual hoist adopts a ratchet friction plate one-way brake, which can brake itself under load to ensure the safe operation of the brake and has high reliability.
سهولة الصيانة:
The structure of the manual hoist is relatively simple, easy to maintain and repair, and reduces the cost of use.
Application fields in the Dominican Republic
صناعة البناء والتشييد:
On construction sites in the Dominican Republic, manual hoists can be used for the handling of building materials, installation and disassembly of equipment, and other operations. Its compact structure and easy operation make manual hoists an indispensable lifting tool in the construction industry.
الصناعة التحويلية:
In the manufacturing industry in the Dominican Republic, manual hoists can be used for material handling on production lines, assembly and commissioning of equipment, and other operations. Its strong lifting capacity and safe and reliable characteristics help to improve production efficiency and reduce labor costs.
الزراعة والغابات:
In the agriculture and forestry fields in the Dominican Republic, manual hoists can be used for operations such as harvesting, stacking and transportation of crops, as well as felling, handling and stacking of trees in forestry. Its easy carrying and easy operation make manual hoists an important auxiliary tool in agriculture and forestry.
والتخزين والخدمات اللوجستية:
In the warehousing and logistics centers of the Dominican Republic, manual hoists can be used for operations such as loading and unloading, stacking and handling of goods. Its strong lifting capacity and safe and reliable characteristics help improve logistics efficiency and reduce transportation costs.
Maintenance and rescue:
In the maintenance and rescue work in the Dominican Republic, manual hoists can be used for equipment maintenance, handling and installation of rescue materials. Its compact structure and easy operation make manual hoists an important emergency tool in maintenance and rescue work.
مجالات أخرى:
In addition, manual hoists can also be used for equipment installation, lifting of items and pulling of mechanical parts in industries such as electricity, mining, post and telecommunications, and transportation. Its wide range of applications and reliable lifting performance make manual hoists an indispensable lifting equipment in various industries in the Dominican Republic.
In summary, manual hoists are widely used in the Dominican Republic, covering construction, manufacturing, agriculture and forestry, warehousing and logistics, maintenance and rescue and many other fields. Its compact structure, strong lifting capacity, easy operation, safety and reliability make manual hoists an indispensable lifting tool in various industries in the Dominican Republic.
Types of electric hoists sold to Dominican Republic
Electric Lifting Winch 20t for Crane Machinery with SGS for sale to Dominican Republic
رفع الوزن: 20 طن
رفع الارتفاع: 6 متر
العمل الجهد: 380/3/50
20t Single Drum Electric Crane Winch for sale to Dominican Republic
رفع الوزن: 20 طن
رفع الارتفاع: 8 متر
العمل الجهد: 380/3/50
10t Wire Rope Electric Hoist with Monorail Travel Mechanism for sale to Dominican Republic
رفع الوزن: 10 طن
رفع الارتفاع: 7 متر
العمل الجهد: 380/3/50
Double Speed Steel Wire Rope Electric Hoist with CE Sgg Certificates for sale to Dominican Republic
رفع الوزن: 8 طن
رفع الارتفاع: 9 متر
العمل الجهد: 380/3/50
Electric Hoist for Double Girder Overhead Crane and Gantry Crane for sale to Dominican Republic
يرفع وزن: 25 طن
رفع الارتفاع: 8 متر
العمل الجهد: 380/3/50
كيفية تخصيص الرافعة الكهربائية من الصين
نحن رافعة مصنع يقع في الصين ، توفير رافعة خدمات التخصيص العالمية رافعة العملاء. إذا كنت ترغب في تخصيص رافعة كهربائية, يمكنك ترك رسالة على الموقع أو البريد الإلكتروني: sales010@cranesdq.com قل لنا المعلومات التالية ، مدير المبيعات لدينا بالاتصال بك:
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التيار الكهربائي أو إمدادات الطاقة (مرحلة واحدة أو 3-المرحلة رافعة);