بيانات الجمارك الصينية يدل على أن في 2021 جيبوتي imported overhead cranes from China worth US$113,000. Compared to 2020, this figure was $353,000. In terms of import quantity, Djibouti imported a total of 5 sets of overhead cranes from China in 2021, with an average import unit price of US$22,600. In 2020, Djibouti imported a total of 22 sets of overhead cranes from China, with an average import unit price of US$16,000. Judging from the import quantity and total amount, Djibouti's demand for Chinese bridge cranes has dropped significantly. With the global economy affected by the epidemic, Chinese crane suppliers need to make more efforts to obtain more orders.
Dongqi Crane is an excellent crane supplier in China, which can provide Djibouti with various types of overhead cranes to meet the needs of different working environments. Dongqi Crane has an overhead crane service business in many countries around the world, and can provide customization, installation and maintenance of overhead cranes for Djibouti. In order to help Djibouti customers better understand our overhead crane products, this article will introduce the working characteristics and technical parameters of different types of overhead cranes. If you are interested in our products, you can click here to الاتصال بناأو قل لنا من قبل البريد الإلكتروني: sales010@cranesdq.com
عارضة واحدة رافعة علوية تباع إلى جيبوتي سعر
رافعة علوية
Span(م)
رفع الارتفاع(m)
التيار الكهربائي(V)
السعر(دولار أمريكي)
1 طن
7.5~31.5
6~30
220-480/3/50
$2200~40000
2 طن
7.5~31.5
6~30
220-480/3/50
$2500~40800
3 طن
7.5~31.5
6~30
220-480/3/50
$2600~41000
5 طن
7.5~31.5
6~30
220-480/3/50
$3000~41500
10 طن
7.5~31.5
6~30
220-480/3/50
$4000~45000
16 طن
7.5~31.5
6~30
220-480/3/50
$5000~48000
20 طن
7.5~31.5
6~30
220-480/3/50
$6000~50000
25 طن
7.5~31.5
6~30
220-480/3/50
$8000~56000
السعر أعلاه النفقات العامة لجسر الرافعات سوف تتغير مع السوق دون إشعار آخر ، للرجوع إليها فقط. إذا كنت بحاجة إلى دقة الأسعار في المستقبل القريب ، يرجى الاتصال بنا.
أنواع الرافعات العلوية التي تباع من قبل دونغ تشى رافعة إلى جيبوتي
الاستيلاء على دلو فوق رافعة للبيع جيبوتي
الاستيلاء على الرافعة الثقيلة رافعة مزدوجة العارضة النفقات العامة مجهزة انتزاع دلو ، والتي يمكن استخدامها في كثير من الأحيان. رفع قدرة الاستيلاء على رافعة شملت الوزن الميت من الاستيلاء على دلو من 5 طن الى 25 طن. الطبقة العاملة من الاستيلاء على رافعة A6. مواصفات الاستيلاء على رافعة ويرد في الجدول التالي للرجوع اليها و تصميم حسب الطلب يمكن أن تقدمها دونغ تشى رافعة.
Grab overhead crane is an efficient lifting equipment with the characteristics of strong lifting capacity, fast unloading and flexible operation. These characteristics make it widely used in many industries. For the specific region of Djibouti, although the specific industry distribution and application may vary due to regional differences, combined with the working characteristics of grab overhead crane, its possible application areas in Djibouti can be inferred.
Working characteristics of grab overhead cranes
قوي قدرة الرفع: capable of carrying and transporting heavy materials and equipment.
Fast unloading: the opening and closing mechanism of the grab can quickly grab and unload materials, improving work efficiency.
عملية مرنة: efficient operations can be carried out in different working environments.
Application areas in Djibouti
Port and terminal loading and unloading
Djibouti has important ports and logistics centers, and grab overhead cranes can be used to load and unload cargo from ships, such as coal, ore, grain, etc.
Improve loading and unloading efficiency, reduce labor costs, and ensure the safety of operations.
Construction
Djibouti is carrying out a series of infrastructure construction, such as roads, bridges, buildings, etc.
Grab overhead cranes can be used for the handling and transportation of various materials, such as bricks, sand, steel, etc., to improve construction efficiency.
Water conservancy projects
Djibouti may face the need for water resource development and management, such as the construction, maintenance and repair of reservoirs, sluices and channels.
Grab overhead cranes can be used to carry various materials and equipment, such as concrete blocks, steel bars, cement, etc., to improve work efficiency and safety.
صناعة التعدين
Djibouti has rich mineral resources, such as metal ores, etc.
Grab overhead cranes can be used for the mining and lifting of ore, reducing labor costs and improving mining efficiency.
Warehouse and workshop management
Djibouti's industrial and manufacturing industries may need to store and move a variety of bulk materials.
Grab overhead cranes can be used to store and move a variety of bulk materials to improve logistics efficiency.
دونغ تشى توريد واحدة رافعة العارضة مع رفع القدرات: 1~20t ، سبان:7.5~28.5 م, ارتفاع الرفع 1~30 م, العمل منخفضة الدرجة A3,A4. نحن أيضا تصميم وتصنيع قياسي رافعة وفقا المستخدمين تطلبا.
هذا رافعة تستخدم في درجة الحرارة المحيطة من -25 ° c ~ +40 ° م الرطوبة≤85%, في الارتفاع تحت 1000 متر, إمدادات الطاقة 3-ph, 380V,50HZ(يمكن تغيير كما طلب المستخدم).
LD single-beam overhead crane has been widely used in many industries due to its unique advantages. Combined with its working characteristics, the following is a detailed analysis of the application field of LD single-beam overhead crane in Djibouti:
Working characteristics of LD single-beam overhead crane
هيكل مدمج: LD single-beam overhead crane adopts three-beam structure, reasonable design, compact overall structure, light weight, small space occupation, and is convenient for operation in a limited working area.
قوية القدرة الاستيعابية: The crane can withstand large loads and meet the material handling needs on the production line.
عملية سهلة: LD single-beam overhead crane is usually controlled by a ground control button box or an operating room, which is easy to operate and easy to use.
سلاسة: The four-wheel drive and conical brake motor are used to ensure the smooth operation of the crane and reduce vibration and noise.
آمنة وموثوق بها: The crane is equipped with safety devices such as overload protection, voltage loss protection, zero point protection, safety protection and limit protection to ensure safety during operation.
Application field in Djibouti
الموانئ والخدمات اللوجستية
As an important port country in eastern Africa, Djibouti has frequent port logistics activities. LD single-beam overhead cranes can be used for loading, unloading, handling and stacking of containers, bulk cargo and other goods, improving port logistics efficiency.
Especially in the container loading and unloading area, LD single-beam overhead cranes can quickly and accurately lift containers from ships or trains and stack them in designated locations.
الصناعة التحويلية
Djibouti's manufacturing industry may involve multiple fields such as automobile manufacturing, steel manufacturing, and machinery manufacturing. LD single-beam overhead cranes can be used to handle heavy steel, mechanical parts, etc. to meet the material handling needs on the production line.
In automobile manufacturing plants, LD single-beam overhead cranes can be used for lifting, handling and assembly of parts to improve production efficiency and safety.
Warehouse management
Djibouti's warehouses may need to store a large amount of goods. LD single-beam overhead cranes can be used for loading, unloading, stacking and classification management of goods to improve storage efficiency and cargo storage density.
Through precise control and operation, LD single-beam overhead cranes can ensure the orderly placement and quick search of goods in the warehouse.
بناء البنية التحتية
Djibouti is carrying out a series of infrastructure construction, such as roads, bridges, buildings, etc. LD single-girder overhead cranes can be used for material handling and stacking operations at construction sites, such as hoisting and moving heavy construction materials such as steel beams and concrete components.
In bridge construction, LD single-girder overhead cranes can be used for hoisting and splicing of bridge piers to improve construction efficiency and quality.
Mining and ore processing
Djibouti has rich mineral resources, and LD single-girder overhead cranes can be used for lifting, moving and stacking of ore.
In ore processing plants, LD single-girder overhead cranes can be used to lift ore from crushers, screens and other equipment and transport it to the next process for processing.
QC الكهرومغناطيسية رافعة علوية هو نوع من معدات مناولة المواد ، مجهزة انفصال الكهرومغناطيسية تشاك وما يقابلها من نظام التشغيل التعامل معها و رفع الأجسام المعدنية. رفع قدرة الكهرومغناطيسية رافعة علوية تشمل الوزن الكهرومغناطيسية 5 إلى 32 طن. الطبقة العاملة من الكهرومغناطيسية رافعة A5 وA6. مدة الاحتفاظ بالمغناطيس تتراوح من 10 إلى 30 دقيقة.
QC electromagnetic overhead crane has shown wide application potential in many industries with its unique electromagnetic lifting function. Combined with its working characteristics, the following is a detailed analysis of the application field of QC electromagnetic overhead crane in Djibouti:
Working characteristics of QC electromagnetic overhead crane
Electromagnetic lifting function:
Control the suspension and unloading of objects through electromagnetic force, especially suitable for loading and unloading and carrying heavy objects with magnetism.
The electromagnetic disk is removable, which is easy to replace and maintain.
قوة رفع القدرات:
It can generate strong magnetic field force and easily lift dozens of tons of iron and other iron materials.
عملية سهلة:
All mechanisms are operated in the control room, which is easy to operate and easy to use.
The AC power supply can be converted into DC power supply through the electric generator set or the thyristor DC box to realize the control of electromagnetic force.
مجموعة واسعة من التطبيقات:
It is suitable for various environments such as metallurgical plants, machinery plants, warehouses, etc.
It can be used indoors or in fixed spans in the open air, and it is equipped with rainproof equipment when used in the open air.
Application areas in Djibouti
الموانئ والخدمات اللوجستية:
As an important port country in eastern Africa, Djibouti has frequent port logistics activities.
QC electromagnetic overhead cranes can be used to load, unload, carry and stack magnetic goods such as iron ore, scrap steel, etc., to improve port logistics efficiency.
Metallurgy and machinery manufacturing:
Djibouti's metallurgy and machinery manufacturing industries may require a large amount of ferromagnetic materials.
QC electromagnetic overhead cranes can be used to lift heavy materials such as steel ingots, steel sections, pig iron blocks, etc. to meet the material handling needs on the production line.
إعادة تدوير النفايات ومعالجتها:
Djibouti may have a large amount of magnetic waste such as scrap steel that needs to be recycled and processed.
QC electromagnetic overhead cranes can easily collect and carry these wastes, simplify the work process and improve recycling efficiency.
بناء البنية التحتية:
Djibouti is carrying out a series of infrastructure construction, such as roads, bridges, buildings, etc.
QC electromagnetic overhead cranes can be used for material handling and stacking operations at construction sites, such as lifting and carrying heavy construction materials such as steel beams and steel bars.
Mining and ore handling:
Djibouti is rich in mineral resources, such as iron ore.
QC electromagnetic overhead cranes can be used for ore mining, handling and stacking operations, as well as material handling during ore processing.
LH مزدوجة العارضة النفقات العامة رافعة للبيع جيبوتي
رافعة كهربائية مزدوجة العارضة النفقات العامة رافعة رافعة علوية مع رافعة كهربائية كما رفع آلية, مع رفع قدرة 5 طن إلى 63 طن المستخدمة في مناولة المواد العامة و رفع. الطبقة العاملة الكهربائية رافعة علوية هو A3 A5.
نوع:LH
رفع القدرات:5~63t
رفع الارتفاع:العمر:8m~32m
العمل واجب:A3~A5
درجة الحرارة المحيطة:-20~40 ° C
LH double-beam overhead crane has been widely used in many industries for its high efficiency, safety and strong carrying capacity. Combined with its working characteristics, the following is a detailed analysis of the application field of LH double-beam overhead crane in Djibouti:
Working characteristics of LH double-beam overhead crane
بنية بسيطة وسهلة التشغيل: LH double-beam overhead crane adopts double-beam structure, reasonable design, simple operation and easy maintenance.
Smooth operation and strong carrying capacity: The motor drives the reducer to drive the drum to rotate, realize the retraction and release of the wire rope and the lifting and lowering of the goods, with smooth operation and strong carrying capacity, suitable for lifting heavy goods.
نطاق التطبيق: LH double-beam overhead crane is widely used in various industrial occasions, such as metallurgy, construction, ports and other industries, and can meet the material handling needs in different scenarios.
سلامة عالية الأداء: The equipment is equipped with complete safety devices, such as limiters, buffers, anti-unhooking devices, etc., to ensure safety during the operation process.
Application field of Djibouti
الموانئ والخدمات اللوجستية:
As an important port country in eastern Africa, Djibouti has frequent port logistics activities. LH مزدوجة العارضة رافعة علوية can be used for loading, unloading, handling and stacking port cargo, such as containers, bulk cargo, etc., to improve port logistics efficiency.
Especially in the container loading and unloading area, LH double girder overhead crane can quickly and accurately lift containers from ships or trains and stack them in designated locations, reducing manual operations and reducing labor intensity.
الصناعة التحويلية:
Djibouti's manufacturing industry may involve multiple fields such as automobile manufacturing, steel manufacturing, and machinery manufacturing. LH double girder overhead crane can be used to lift heavy steel, mechanical parts, etc. to meet the material handling needs on the production line.
In automobile manufacturing plants, LH double girder overhead crane can be used for lifting, handling and assembly of parts to improve production efficiency and product quality.
موقع البناء:
Djibouti is carrying out a series of infrastructure construction, such as roads, bridges, buildings, etc. LH double girder overhead crane can be used for material handling and stacking operations at construction sites, such as lifting and handling heavy construction materials such as steel beams, steel bars, and concrete components.
Through the precise control and operation of the LH double-beam overhead crane, the orderly placement and quick search of construction materials on the construction site can be ensured, improving construction efficiency and quality.
Mining and ore handling:
Djibouti has rich mineral resources, such as iron ore, copper ore, etc. LH double-beam overhead cranes can be used for ore mining, handling and stacking operations, as well as material handling during ore processing.
In the ore mining area, the LH double-beam overhead crane can quickly and accurately lift the ore from the mine and transport it to the crusher, screening machine and other equipment for processing, improving mining efficiency.
إعادة تدوير النفايات ومعالجتها:
Djibouti may have a large amount of waste that needs to be recycled and processed, such as scrap steel, scrap metal, etc. LH double-beam overhead cranes can be used for waste collection and handling operations, simplifying the workflow and improving recycling efficiency.
QD مزدوجة العارضة النفقات العامة رافعة للبيع جيبوتي
QD double girder overhead crane is composed of bridge, travelling mechanism, trolley, electric equipment. Main girder adopts box welded structure, crane travelling mechanism adopts separate drive, and lifting mechanism is equipped winch. All mechanism are controlled in driver’s cab.
QD نموذج رافعة مزدوجة العارضة النفقات العامة يتم تطبيقها في فتح مستودع أو السكك الحديدية جانبية السلوك الشائعة التحميل والتفريغ مناولة المواد يعمل. بل هو نوع الثقيلة رافعة علوية التي تلبي في كثير من الأحيان باستخدام.
QD double-beam overhead crane has been widely used in many industrial fields with its strong carrying capacity, operational flexibility, high reliability and beautiful design. Combined with the working characteristics of QD double-beam overhead crane, the following is a detailed analysis of its application field in Djibouti:
Working characteristics of QD double-beam overhead crane
قوية القدرة الاستيعابية: QD double-beam overhead crane has the characteristics of large span and excellent overall stability. It can withstand large loads and meet the handling needs of various heavy goods.
عملية مرنة: The crane can not only move longitudinally, but also move horizontally through a trolley, and the hook can flexibly take off and land vertically, which makes it easy to operate in various complex working environments.
High reliability: Two sets of safety devices can be set according to needs to ensure the safety of the operation process and reduce the possibility of accidents.
Comfortable operating environment: The control room has a wide field of view, and all mechanisms can be operated in the control room, providing a good working experience for the driver.
Beautiful design: The overall structure is novel and the shape is smooth, with very high aesthetics and applicability.
Application fields in Djibouti
الموانئ والخدمات اللوجستية
As an important port country in East Africa, Djibouti has frequent port logistics activities. QD double-beam overhead cranes can be used for loading, unloading, handling and stacking of port cargo, especially the handling of heavy cargo, such as containers, large machinery and equipment, etc.
In the port logistics park, QD double-beam overhead cranes can efficiently complete the handling and stacking of cargo, improve logistics efficiency and reduce operating costs.
التصنيع
Djibouti's manufacturing industry may involve multiple fields such as automobile manufacturing, steel manufacturing, and machinery manufacturing. QD double-beam overhead cranes can be used on the production lines of these manufacturing companies to complete the handling and assembly of heavy parts.
In automobile manufacturing plants, QD double-beam overhead cranes can be used for lifting of car bodies, handling and assembly of parts, etc., to improve production efficiency and product quality.
Construction sites
Djibouti is carrying out a series of infrastructure construction, such as roads, bridges, buildings, etc. QD double-beam overhead cranes can be used for material handling and stacking operations at construction sites, such as lifting and handling of heavy building materials such as steel and concrete components.
In the construction of high-rise buildings and bridges, QD double-beam overhead cranes can efficiently complete the handling and stacking of heavy construction materials, improving construction efficiency and quality.
Mining and ore processing
Djibouti has rich mineral resources, such as iron ore, copper ore, etc. QD double-beam overhead cranes can be used for ore mining, handling and stacking operations in mines, as well as material handling during ore processing.
In ore mining areas, QD double-beam overhead cranes can quickly and accurately lift ore from the mine and transport it to crushers, screening machines and other equipment for processing, improving mining efficiency.
Energy and Chemicals
Djibouti also has certain development in the fields of energy and chemicals, such as the mining and processing of resources such as oil and natural gas. QD double-beam overhead cranes can be used for equipment handling and installation operations in these fields, such as the handling of oil drilling rigs and the installation of chemical equipment.
Insulation overhead crane is widely used in smelting workshops of electrolytic nonferrous metal, aluminum and magnesium. This insulation overhead crane is constituted by box-type main girder, crane traveling mechanism, trolley and electrical parts.
لمنع الحالية التي تمر عبر آلية رفع إلى رافعة وتهدد المشغل الحياة ، أجزاء من العزل رافعة علوية محمية من قبل العزل العلاج. العزل رافعة علوية مستوى العمل هي الثقيلة ، حتى رفع الرئيسي مجهزة المزدوج الكبح وذلك لضمان سلامة الإنتاج.
QY insulated overhead crane has shown wide application potential in many industries with its unique insulation design and strong lifting capacity. Combined with its working characteristics, the following is a detailed analysis of the application field of QY insulated overhead crane in Djibouti:
Working characteristics of QY insulated overhead crane
Excellent insulation performance:
QY insulated overhead crane is equipped with several insulation devices at appropriate locations, generally three, and each insulation value is greater than or equal to 1MΩ, which effectively prevents the current on the live equipment from being transmitted to the crane through the hoisted components, thereby endangering the life of the operator and the safety of the equipment.
قوية القدرة الاستيعابية:
This crane is designed for heavy-duty working system, and the lifting weight range is usually 5-50T, which can meet the handling needs of various heavy goods.
Easy and safe operation:
All action operations are completed in the driver's cab, which is easy to operate and easy to use.
The lifting mechanism is equipped with double brakes to ensure safety during the lifting process.
مجموعة واسعة من التطبيقات:
QY insulated overhead crane is suitable for various industrial sites that require insulation performance, such as smelting, chemical industry, power industry and other industries.
Application areas in Djibouti
المعادن غير الحديدية صهر:
If Djibouti has a non-ferrous metal smelting industry, the QY insulated overhead crane will be very suitable. Since the ground equipment in the smelting workshop may carry DC current, the insulation design of the QY insulated overhead crane can ensure the safety of the operator while meeting the handling needs of heavy goods.
Chemical and power industry:
In the chemical and power industries, equipment often carries high voltage current, and the insulation performance of the QY insulated overhead crane makes it an ideal choice for material handling in these industries. It can be used to carry heavy items such as chemical raw materials and power equipment to ensure safety during the operation.
Railway and ship maintenance:
In the maintenance operations of railway vehicles and ships, the QY insulated overhead crane can be used for the lifting and disassembly of large components. Its powerful lifting capacity and insulation performance make it a powerful assistant in these maintenance operations.
Ports and freight sites:
The ports and freight sites in Djibouti may involve the loading, unloading and stacking of heavy goods. The QY insulated overhead crane can be used for tasks such as container loading and unloading, cargo stacking and loading and unloading ships to meet the efficient handling needs of large goods.
Construction sites and infrastructure construction:
In construction sites and infrastructure construction projects, QY insulated overhead cranes can be used to hoist large structures and transport heavy construction materials such as concrete beams. Its stable performance and strong lifting capacity can ensure the smooth progress of the construction process.
الأوروبي مزدوجة العارضة النفقات العامة رافعة للبيع جيبوتي
الأوروبي مزدوجة العارضة رافعة علوية هو أحدث إصدار من رافعة علوية مصممة مع FEM المعايير المتقدمة في قاعدة التقليدية رافعة ولذلك الأوروبي مزدوجة العارضة رافعة علوية لديه المزايا التي لا تقبل المنافسة, مثل, أداء لا مثيل له ، ضيق بنية خفيفة الوزن الميت ، عالية الأمان والموثوقية, أداء عالي الكفاءة ، تطبيقات على نطاق واسع في مختلف الصناعات.
بسبب مزايا التصميم الأوروبي مزدوجة العارضة رافعة علوية يمكن أن تساعدك على خفض الاستثمار الأولي لمصنع البناء ، وزيادة الإنتاجية وخفض جهود الصيانة اليومية ، والحد من استهلاك الطاقة ، والحصول على أعلى عائد على الاستثمار.
European-style double-girder overhead cranes have demonstrated excellent performance and wide application potential in many industrial fields due to their compact structure, efficient operation, safety, reliability, and easy maintenance. Combined with Djibouti's economic development and industrial needs, the following is a detailed analysis of the application fields of European double-girder overhead cranes in Djibouti:
Working characteristics of European double girder overhead crane
هيكل مدمج: European double-girder cranes are more compact in structure, and the overall design is more concise and reasonable, which greatly saves space requirements and can be installed and operated efficiently in a limited space.
كفاءة التشغيل: Using advanced drive technology and control systems, European double-girder cranes can achieve smooth and efficient lifting and moving operations, significantly improving work efficiency.
آمنة وموثوق بها: Safety protection measures that comply with EU standards are implemented throughout the entire design process to ensure long-term stable operation of the equipment while ensuring the safety of personnel.
سهولة الصيانة: The modular design facilitates quick inspection and replacement of components, reducing maintenance costs, reducing downtime, and improving the reliability and service life of the equipment.
Application areas in Djibouti
Ports and Logistics
As an important port country in eastern Africa, Djibouti has frequent port logistics activities. European double-girder overhead cranes can be used for loading, unloading, handling and stacking operations of port cargo, especially the handling of heavy-duty containers, bulk cargo, etc. Its efficient operation capacity and strong carrying capacity can meet the high-intensity operation requirements of port logistics.
التصنيع
Djibouti's manufacturing industry may involve automobile manufacturing, machinery manufacturing, chemical equipment and other fields. European double-girder overhead cranes can be used on the production lines of these manufacturing companies to complete the handling, assembly and debugging of heavy parts. Its compact structure and flexible operation allow it to complete complex tasks in a narrow space.
Construction sites and infrastructure construction
Djibouti is undergoing a series of infrastructure construction, such as roads, bridges, buildings, etc. European double-girder overhead cranes can be used for material handling and stacking operations at construction sites, such as the hoisting and handling of heavy construction materials such as steel and concrete components. Its stable and reliable operation capability and strong lifting capacity can ensure the smooth progress of the construction process.
Mining and Ore Processing
If Djibouti is rich in mineral resources, the European-style double-girder overhead crane will be very suitable for ore mining, handling and stacking operations in the mine. Its efficient operating capacity and strong load-bearing capacity can meet the high-intensity needs of mining operations, and its safe and reliable design can also protect the lives of workers.
Power and energy industry
In the power and energy industry, European-style double-girder overhead cranes can be used for installation, maintenance and overhaul of power station equipment. Its compact structure and flexible operation allow it to complete complex tasks in a narrow space. At the same time, its safe and reliable design can also ensure the stable operation of power station equipment.
نحن رافعة مصنع يقع في الصين ، توفير رافعة خدمات التخصيص العالمية رافعة العملاء. إذا كنت ترغب في تخصيص النفقات العامة رافعة, يمكنك ترك رسالة على الموقع أو البريد الإلكتروني: sales010@cranesdq.comقل لنا المعلومات التالية ، مدير المبيعات لدينا بالاتصال بك:
رفع السعة (طن): __ ?( السعة)
رفع الارتفاع (م):__ ? (الطول من ربط مركز الأرض)
Span (م): __ ? (المسافة بين مركز السكك الحديدية)
سرعة رفع (م/دقيقة): __ ? ( مفردة ، مزدوجة ، متغير)