Grab cranes are cranes that use grabs as lifting spreaders. In the process of use, not only the maintenance of the crane host must be done, but also the maintenance of the grabs.
Due to grab frequent use, combined with the limited level of operation of the crane driver grab, grab the failure rate is very high, so the routine inspection process to strengthen the inspection of these sites, but also to do maintenance of these sites Work, Try to prolong the service life of the grab and increase productivity. In order to better manage the grab, ensure production, and ensure safety, according to the composition of the personnel involved in the use, maintenance and repair of the grab, the scope of work and the working procedures, the following clauses are formulated:
1. The head on duty should arrange the grab for refueling in time every day; every Monday and Thursday to arrange for the upper bolster of the grab to be refueled; if there are special circumstances, it is allowed to postpone up to one day and record the situation in the on-duty log. Arrange to refuel separately.
2. The driver's refueling should meet the standard to ensure sufficient lubrication; if the refueling fails, it should be recorded in time and reported to the inspection personnel or the technician in charge. It is required to make a record of each refueling situation in the operation log.
3. When refueling, the driver should take the initiative to accept the opinion of the grab refueling inspector.
4. When operating, the driver should avoid accidents such as grabbing against the cabin, and prevent similar incidents caused by incorrect operation methods.
5. The driver should observe the use of the grab in real time during the operation. If there is wear and tear on the chain, quick coupling, etc., he should refuel in time; if other failures or suspected failures of the grab are found, they should stop for inspection and report in time, while running Make a record in the log.
6. Inspectors should ensure the timeliness, accuracy and effectiveness of the grab inspection work to strengthen the plan of grab replacement and repair.
7. The grab failure or suspected failure detected by the spot inspection should be reported to the grab supervisor in time and recorded on the spot inspection and repair table.
8. After replacing the grab on the machine, the inspection personnel should record and sign all the problems in the grab on the grab management account and hand it to the grab supervisor in time.
9. In addition to explaining the status of the grab on the machine during holidays, the technician should also record the matters needing attention on the duty record. The personnel on duty shall record the specific conditions and handling process on the duty record for the faults that occur during the duty period.
10. For each grab overhaul, the catch repair team must do a good job of statistical work (including repair items, repair time, difficulties encountered in repair, summary of repair materials, etc.), and set up statistics personnel and record them in the grab management In the ledger.
11. The grab management account goes with the grab, and records in real time during use and repair; the grab supervisor accepts and signs after the grab is repaired.
12. The supervisor of the grab should make statistics on the status of the spare grab and update the replacement of important parts of the grab in time; if the repair requires on-board processing, the in-charge technician should be notified in advance.
13. The grab repairer should always keep in touch with the grab supervisor when repairing the dock, and notify the grab supervisor in advance when it involves coordination with the dock equipment.
14. During grab repairs, if parts need to be replaced, the principle of interchangeability should be followed; if the assembly of other parts of the grab is involved (including repairs by the dock locksmith) during the replacement process, it should be avoided as much as possible. The original assembly method.
15. During the repair process, the person in charge of repairs should urge the repairers to pay attention to safety, and the repairers should obey the instructions of the person in charge of repairs. Focus on the quality of repairs and eliminate rework. If repairs on the dock are involved, bills should be issued and eliminated in time.
The common fault in the use of the grab is abrasive wear. According to the analysis of relevant data, it can be found that in the failure form of the grab, about 40% of the loss of work performance due to tipping wear, and loss of work performance due to the wear of the bucket body It accounts for about 30%, and the loss of work performance due to pulley wear and other parts damage accounts for about 30%.
It can be seen that improving the abrasion resistance of the grab pin and the shaft sleeve and improving the abrasion resistance of the bucket edge are important ways to improve the service life of the grab. The factors that affect material wear include external factors and internal factors.
External factors include factors such as load, sliding speed, abrasive hardness and geometry.
The internal factors include the chemical composition of the material, the type of carbide, and the microstructure.
The external factors are self-evident and will not be described here. In order to increase the service life of the grab, it is necessary to select different wear-resistant materials according to the different conditions of the wear parts of the grab, and supplement it with different processing techniques, thereby greatly improving the service life of the grab.
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