Operating Skills of Operating Mechanism of Bridge Crane Large and Small Cars

As operators of bridge cranes (overhead cranes), they should understand the types, technical performance, and main structures of bridge cranes, such as hooks, wire ropes, couplings, brakes, motors, controllers, contactors and other machinery and electrical appliances Components; their composition, characteristics, functions, and working principles. Understanding these basic knowledge is to better operate the crane. The editor of our factory will explain to you the operating skills of the lower double-beam bridge crane and the operating mechanism of the large and small vehicles.

The start, speed regulation, change of working direction, and braking of large and small vehicles are all realized by manipulating the controller handle (handwheel).

The middle position of the controller is marked with zero, that is, the zero gear, which indicates the stop gear that is not working at this time. Then it starts from zero, with five gears on the left and right. If the handle is pushed away from the zero gear, the big car (or small car) starts to run, and whether it is a big car or a small car, its running speed gradually increases with the gear farther from the zero position, that is, the fifth gear is the fastest. According to the position of the cab control controller, the big car runs left and right, and the small car runs forward and backward. When the handle is pushed to the left for one to five gears, the cart will run to the left (or the trolley is forward); when the handle is pushed to the right for one to five gears, the cart will run to the right (or the trolley is backward). The running speed of the big car and the small car is determined according to which gear the handle is pushed to.

2. Bridge Crane Large and Small Cars Operation essentials

(1) The large and trolley operating mechanism of the bridge crane should start and accelerate smoothly. In order to start smoothly and run smoothly, in order to reduce impact and avoid the swing of the suspended object, the controller handle must be pushed one by one, and each gear must stay for more than 3 seconds. Generally, when a large car and a small car accelerate from the zero gear to the rated speed (the fifth gear), the time should be within 10-20 seconds, and it is strictly forbidden to quickly push from the zero gear to the fifth gear.

(2) Stable and accurate parking

Before stopping, the crane operation should return to zero gear by gear to slow down the vehicle speed gradually, and then coast to stop by braking. In order to make the crane accurately stop at a certain position, the driver should grasp the distance that the big and small cars glide after stopping in each gear. In this way, the power-off glide can be determined at a certain point before the scheduled parking position, which is accurate and energy-saving. And it can eliminate the swing of hanging objects during parking brake.

(3) During the operation of large and small vehicles, the appropriate operating speed should be selected according to the length of the operating distance.

• For long-distance hoisting, generally select the rapid operation step by step to the fifth gear to improve production efficiency.
• For medium-distance hoisting, generally use the second to third gears to run in order to avoid swaying caused by excessive driving during high-speed operation or due to emergency braking.
• For short-distance hoisting, the first gear and intermittent power transmission are generally used to reduce repeated starting and braking.

3. Operational safety technology of large and small car operating mechanism

1.  Brakes must be installed in the operating mechanism of the Crane Large and Small Cars. When the brake is out of adjustment or failure, it is not allowed to drive.
2.  The large and small cars must be equipped with spring-type or hydraulic buffers that can absorb the kinetic energy of the car body, and the stroke ends of the large and small cars must be equipped with stoppers to prevent them from falling off the track.
3.  Both large and small cars must be equipped with limit switches at the end of the stroke to ensure that the crane and small cars are powered off first when they reach the end of the stroke, and the stopper for sliding collisions is used to prevent hard collisions.
4.  Longmen cranes, loading and unloading bridges and other open-air cranes must be equipped with wind-proof devices.
5.  During operation, do not start and brake too fast or too violently. It is forbidden to quickly change from zero to fifth gear or to return to zero from fifth gear. Avoid lifting swing caused by quick start and braking, and even cause accidents.
6.  It is forbidden to park by driving in reverse (except for temporary parking by reverse driving in order to prevent accidents).
7.  When changing the running direction of the big and small cars, the handle of the controller should be reversed after the crane stops.
8.  Try to avoid repeated starts. Repeated starting will increase the number of power connections, which will increase the fatigue of the crane, which is very unfavorable to various electrical equipment and mechanical components, and will accelerate the damage of the equipment.

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