Analysis of wind-proof problems of gantry cranes, classification of wind-proof devices of gantry cranes

Gantry cranes working in the open are generally affected by natural wind, especially near the sea. When the wind is too strong, stop lifting operations. When the stopped gantry crane is hit by strong winds, the crane may overcome the stopping force of the brake of the cart operating mechanism and slide, and the crane may tip over as a whole, causing an accident.

Summarizing the past experience of gantry cranes being blown over by the wind, what they have in common is that all cranes whose lifting equipment is blown over by the wind have gone through the sliding process without exception before overturning. The gantry cranes that are blown over by the wind are often caused by the lack of wind-proof awareness of the user unit and insufficient wind-proof measures for the crane. In order to prevent the gantry crane from being blown over by the wind, the crane safety regulations stipulate that the crane working in the open air must be equipped with a windproof device. The windproof devices of gantry cranes include rail clamps, anchoring devices, iron shoes, etc.

Classification of windproof devices for gantry cranes

1. Iron shoe windproof device

Drive the iron wedge between the wheel and the track. When the crane moves backward due to the wind, the force when the wheel rotates acts on the iron wedge, so that the rolling friction between the wheel and the track is transformed into the iron wedge and the track. As the resistance increases, the sliding friction between the cranes effectively prevents the crane from moving and plays a wind-proof effect. This kind of device can be divided into manual type and electric type. Among them, the iron wedge of the electric iron shoe is floatingly connected with the crane. Usually the iron wedge is pressed on the track by the spring force. When the crane is turned on, the iron wedge is lifted under the action of the electromagnet, and is no longer blocked.

2. Clamp-type windproof device

This device uses clamps to clamp both sides of the track to increase the friction of the track and prevent the crane from sliding. This kind of device is also called a rail clamp. In order to improve the tightness of the clamping, it is often designed with a lever structure. The common ones are the following types: manual screw type, hydraulic spring type, electric screw type and electric weight type These four.

3. Anchored windproof device

Anchored wind protection device is a commonly used preventive device. In the case of receiving a strong wind warning signal, or when the machine is not in use for a long period of time, the anchored wind-proof device is used to prevent wind and skid. The anchored windproof device requires the crane that is not in use temporarily to be moved to a predetermined position, and the crane is fastened with locking parts such as bolts and top rods.

4.  Pressure rail type windproof device

This device uses the weight of the crane itself to act on the track to increase the friction between the wheels and the track to prevent the crane from moving. The rail-pressing wind-proof device is not affected by the side of the rail, and its applicability is stronger than that of the clamp-on type. However, the windproof performance provided by this kind of windproof device is not high, and it is often used in conjunction with other windproof devices.

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