The hoist crane refers to the crane that uses the electric hoist as the lifting mechanism, usually refers to the electric hoist single beam crane . The monthly inspection of the hoist crane should be done during the use process. The editor will share with you the monthly inspection of the hoist crane Project classification and content.
1. Classification of inspection items
The monthly inspection of hoist cranes hopes to determine the inspection period of each part according to the importance of the safety direction, the difficulty of ensuring safety, the frequency of use, and the loss of parts and components, as shown in the figure. The inspection contents are classified as shown in 15-1 as follows.
The category A monthly inspection items in Table 15-1 are related to ensuring the safety and reliability of hoist cranes. They are the key inspection items in the monthly inspection. According to the requirements of relevant crane safety regulations, they must be inspected at least once a month.
The category B monthly inspection items in Table 15-1 are key inspection items to ensure that the hoist crane can be used normally without failure. It mainly covers the key maintenance aspects of machinery and electricity. You can check it every three months.
Table 15-1 Check the classification
| Classification | Classification standard | application |
|---|---|---|
| A | Key safety inspection content | Check once a month |
| B | Key inspection contents for maintenance | Check every three months |
| C | The part with less abrasion damage | Check every six months |
The category C monthly inspection items in Table 15-1 are general inspection items related to the degree of wear and damage of each part of the hoist crane, which can be inspected every six months.
The monthly inspection is an inspection conducted by engineering technicians or full-time safety technicians with specialized technical knowledge of hoist cranes based on the information provided by the user. The inspection records must be kept on file for more than three years.
During the month, it mainly relies on intuitive methods such as visual inspection, hearing or hand feel. Therefore, the outer cover must be removed for inspection during the inspection, and the safety, wear, and operation status must be determined at any time, and the necessary maintenance must be performed at the same time.
2. Monthly inspection items and contents The requirements for
monthly inspection items and contents are as specified in Table 15-2. For various types of hoist cranes, the inspection items listed in Table 15-2 may not be applicable. The structural form, performance characteristics, and scope of application have been selected, increased or decreased, and inspections, maintenance and repairs shall be actively carried out in accordance with the items applicable to their respective characteristics.
Table 15-2 Monthly inspection items and content
| Serial number | Classification | Monthly inspection items | Monthly inspection content and requirements | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | B |
Overall performance |
Whole machine noise detection | Use a decibel meter to detect the noise during lifting, descent, and running. The decibel meter is equivalent to a stethoscope. It can check and analyze whether there are any abnormalities in various institutions by measuring the size of the noise. |
| 2 | B | Full load lifting abnormal inspection | When hoisting with full load, visually check whether there is abnormal vibration of the main beam or the hoisting load, listen to whether there is abnormal sound in each mechanism, and if possible, touch each gear box and motor for abnormal heating, analyze the causes of these abnormalities, and eliminate these abnormalities Phenomenon | |
| 3 | B | Full load drop and slide inspection | Stop during descent with full load and observe whether the amount of sliding is too large. If the amount of sliding is too large, adjust the lifting brake gap in time until the braking is normal. | |
| 4 | A | Operation inspection of hoist trolley | Observe that the hoist running trolley is struggling to climb, slipping, wheels hanging in the air, gnawing rails, and even wheel flange climbing when moving horizontally. If it is due to an appeal, check whether the rigidity of the main beam is too poor, whether there is oil on the track surface, whether the manufacturing and assembly accuracy of the running trolley is too poor, etc. | |
| 5 | A | Crane (carriage) brake check | Check whether there is obvious asynchrony when the crane is lifting and braking . If there is any gap between the brakes of the crane, it is best to adjust the two brakes driven by the same person, and they should feel the same. | |
| 6 | A | Inspection during crane operation | Check whether the crane has abnormal snaking, twisting, lateral slippage, skewing, deviation, and abnormal noise during operation, make a record, and check the cause | |
| 7 | B | Brake inspection during crane operation | Check whether the braking action of the running brake is sensitive, and whether there is a phenomenon that the car cannot be braked and the sliding distance is too large | |
| 8 | B | Check the focus point of the crane wheel | Observe whether there is any hanging phenomenon among the four wheels of the crane, and whether some wheels seem to turn and not turn during operation, and there are three legs phenomenon | |
| 9 | B | Leak check | Check the lifting reducer, whether there is any leakage or oil leakage in the reducer of large and small vehicles. | |
| 10 | A | Insulation performance inspection of the whole machine | Use a 500V megohmmeter to measure the insulation resistance of each mechanism's main circuit and control circuit (except for low-voltage control) to the ground. Both should be ≥0.5M ohm. | |
| 11 | C | Surface appearance quality inspection | Check whether the surface of each part of the crane has defects such as rust, paint peeling, damage, etc. | |
| 12 | A | Crane running track | Inspection within the scope of operation | Check whether there are obstacles in the entire operating range of the crane, whether the gap between the crane and the side and top surface of the civil works is too small, whether there is a danger of contact with electric lights, wiring pipes and other civil works, and whether the crane is too close to the bare wires of the live power supply. close |
| 13 | A | Run stop (stopper) inspection | Whether the stopper has the risk of deformation, damage, or falling off; whether the bolts are loose when fixed by bolts; whether the welds are cracked when fixed by welding | |
| 14 | C | Track deformation inspection | Check whether there is abnormal bending and deformation of the entire track from the top and bottom, left and right directions, which has exceeded the technical requirements for track installation | |
| 15 | C | Track installation inspection | Check whether the rail joints are deformed; whether the fixing bolts are loose, whether the rail has lateral displacement; whether the welds are cracked; whether the backing plates and connecting plates are loose | |
| 16 | C | Track wear inspection | Whether there is severe local wear or peeling on the treads and sides of the running track, the flange treads and flange end faces of the I-beam rail | |
| 17 | C | Main beam and end beam | Main and end beam weld inspection | Check whether there are cracks in the welds on the main beam and end beams |
| 18 | C | Main beam wear and deformation inspection | Check whether the main beam I-steel rail flange pedals and side plates have severely worn parts, and whether the flange has plastic deformation (flange staying) | |
| 19 | C | Main and end beam connection inspection | When the main beam and the end beam are connected by bolts, check whether the bolts are loose | |
| 20 | C | Track inspection on main beam | When using a supporting track on the main beam, check whether the track is abnormally bent or deformed; check whether the track pressure plate and connecting bolts are loose; check whether the weld is cracked | |
| twenty one | B | Check the running stop on the main beam | Check whether the trolley running stop on the main beam is deformed, damaged or falling off; whether the connecting bolts are loose; whether there are cracks in the welds | |
| twenty two | C | Check the buffer on the main end beam | The shock-resistant buffer installed on the stop of the main beam and the end of the end beam shall not have cracks, breakages, cracks, etc. | |
| twenty three | B | Electric motor | Motor heating check | Check whether the lifting and running motors are overheated. If so, analyze whether the cause is too much overload or too much voltage and hydraulic pressure (pressure drop). Or the braking is too frequent, the brake gap is too small, there is friction between the brake wheel and the brake ring (plate or block), etc. |
| twenty four | B | Motor abnormality inspection | Check whether the lifting and running motors are reluctant to start, too noisy, or have abnormal noises. At this time, it should be analyzed whether there is too much overload, the power supply voltage is too low, the brake is not completely disengaged, or the wiring, etc., are broken. | |
| 25 | C | Тормоз | Wear state inspection | For the conical brake motor, the TV cover should be opened to observe the wear state of the conical brake ring or the flat brake ring. You can push the fan wheel axially by hand to see if the amount of movement is too large. The large amount of movement proves that the wear is serious. Momentum should not be greater than 4mm, and it should be able to adjust to 1.5mm, otherwise it should be scrapped and replaced; for linings such as plane brake wheels, pad brake wheels, etc., when the amount of wear reaches 50% of the original thickness, they should be scrapped and replaced |
| 26 | C | Brake performance check | Check whether the brake in the hoisting mechanism cannot stop the vehicle from sliding too much when the weight is lowered; check whether the brake of the running mechanism cannot be braked during operation and whether the sliding is too large; due to the above phenomenon, the brake should be adjusted in time performance | |
| 27 | C | Exception check | Check whether the lock nuts (cone brakes) of each brake are loose; the articulated parts of the electromagnetic pad brake linkage mechanism are worn out and the springs are loose; whether there is a squeal when braking, and if there is a squeal, check Whether there are defects such as relative friction or poor contact between the brake wheel and the brake ring (plates, blocks, etc.), and whether the spring is plastically deformed | |
| 28 | C | редуктор | Check the sound of gear transmission | Check whether the sound of the transmission gears of each mechanism is abnormal, |
| 29 | C | Exception check | Check whether the connection or fixing bolts of each reducer are loose and whether there is oil leakage ; whether the lifting reduction box body is cracked by the deflection of the hook (caused by the failure of the lifting limiter) | |
| 30 | C | Reel device | Wear state inspection | Check the wear status of the rope groove of the reel, whether there is abnormal wear |
| 31 | C | Reel shell inspection | Check the drum shell for external injuries (when the lifting limiter fails, it is most likely to cause the hook pulley to damage the shell) | |
| 32 | C | Rope guide inspection | Check whether the rope guide is broken; whether the wire rope can be smoothly discharged from the rope guide when the empty hook is lowered | |
| 33 | C | Exception check | Check whether the rope press on the reel is loose, whether the connecting bolts of the reel are loose, whether the connecting bolts of the rope guide are loose, and whether the guide slider of the rope guide moves smoothly | |
| 34 | A | Проволочный трос | Broken wire inspection | Check whether the wire rope has broken wires. When the number of broken wires within one lead exceeds the total number of wire ropes, they should be scrapped. |
| 35 | A | Wear state inspection | The diameter reduction of the wire rope after wear shall not exceed 7% of the nominal diameter, otherwise it shall be scrapped | |
| 36 | A | Deformation check | The wire rope that should be squeezed, deformed or kinked due to oblique hoisting should be scrapped | |
| 37 | B | Corrosion inspection | Check that there should be no rust on the surface of the wire rope, and the surface should hold a certain amount of lubricating oil, but there should be no excessive dirt | |
| 38 | B | In-flight printing fault check | Check whether the steel wire rope is twisted in the air (especially those with more than four ropes). This is caused by the failure to relax when the rope is entangled. | |
| 39 | A | Exception check | The important parts and safety links of the wire rope work must be checked frequently, such as whether the fixed parts of the wire rope are in danger of loosening, and the contact parts with the pulleys and balance pulleys must not have oil shortage, rope gnawing, etc. | |
| 40 | A | Carrying chain | Crack inspection | The chain link should be checked for cracks, and any cracks should be reimbursed |
| 41 | A | Wear state inspection | Reimbursement should be made if the chain ring diameter wears up to 10% of the original diameter | |
| 42 | A | Deformation check | The chain is plastically deformed and stretched to 5% of the original length and should be scrapped | |
| 43 | A | Hook and pulley | Crack inspection | Hooks, pulleys and pulley shells must not have harmful cracks |
| 44 | A | Wear check status | There should be no abnormal wear on the hook mouth and pulley groove | |
| 45 | A | Exception check | Check whether the pulley is worn, whether the hook nut is not locked, whether the housing connecting bolt and the retaining bolt of the gear shaft plate are loose, and whether the balancing pulley fixing bolt is loose, etc. | |
| 46 | A | Deformation check | No abnormal deformation of the hook mouth | |
| 47 | C | Rotation check | Check whether the lifting chain and pulley can rotate flexibly | |
| 48 | C | wheel | Wear check | There must be no abnormal wear on the wheel tread and the inner surface of the rim |
| 49 | C | Crack inspection | No abnormal cracks on the surface of the wheel | |
| 50 | C | Drive shaft and coupling | Deformation check | Check whether the drive shaft is deformed, shaken, etc. |
| 51 | C | Support inspection | Check whether the bolts of the drive shaft support are loose, the oil supply, etc. | |
| 52 | C | Check the working condition of the coupling | Check the coupling's wear status, fixed status, and whether there is any abnormality in the running status | |
| 53 | C | driver's room | Fixed status check | Check whether the fixed connecting bolts of the driver's cab are loose, whether there are cracks in the welding seam when using welding connection |
| 54 | C | Work status check | Whether the ventilation, heating, lighting, etc. are normal and reasonable, and whether the driver’s cab shakes severely | |
| 55 | C | Signage | Check visibility | Check whether the tonnage plate is reasonable, eye-catching and clear |
| 56 | C | Check the fixation status | Whether the fixing bolts or rivets of the tonnage plate and nameplate are loose | |
| 57 | B | Power lead-in device | Safety inspection of feeder bare wire | Check whether the safety distance between the crane feeder bare wire and the surrounding equipment meets the requirements of relevant regulations, and whether there are corresponding safety protection measures |
| 58 | B | Sliding surface inspection | Check whether the sliding contact surface of the sliding line has corrosion or rust defects, and it should be polished with steel brush and sandpaper in time to ensure conductivity | |
| 59 | B | Insulation device inspection | Check that the support insulators of the sliding wire must not be worn, and the connection parts must not be loose | |
| 60 | C | Flexible cable winding device inspection | When a flexible cable is used for power introduction, check the wear and tension of the tensioning wire (or wire rope) supporting the flexible cable | |
| 61 | C | Trolley wire safety device inspection | Check whether the power supply main slide line (power slide line) is coated with red paint safety signs on the non-conductive contact surface, whether there is a safety sign in the appropriate position, or whether there is an indicator light representing live electricity | |
| 62 | C | Collector | Wear state inspection | Check the wear state of the collector pulley, pin shaft or hoisting ring wire, and there must be no abnormal wear |
| 63 | C | Fixed status check | The connecting bolts between the collector and the cable must not be loose, and the insulator of the collector should be securely fixed | |
| 64 | B | Check the rotation state of collector pulley | The collector pulley should be able to rotate flexibly and steadily. If there is a frictional sound or it is difficult to rotate, it should be lubricated in time | |
| 65 | C | Current collector spring inspection | The spring of the current collector shall not lose its elasticity due to rust or fatigue | |
| 66 | B | Internal wiring | External appearance inspection of internal wiring | The wiring from the current collector to the motor and various electrical appliances is called internal wiring. The wiring inside the machine includes rubber flexible cable wiring and wire wiring, and all wiring must not have external injuries |
| 67 | C | Fixed connection check | All electrical fixing bolts must not be loosened, all wiring fixing and connecting bolts inside the machine must not be loosened, and the wiring tube must be firmly fixed on the body | |
| 68 | B | Flexible cable movement inspection | Check whether the flexible cable introduced as a cable is abnormally bent and twisted during movement | |
| 69 | C | Flat cable expansion performance inspection | Check whether the flat cable should be of material or aging, it is difficult to stretch and shrink, and whether the flexibility has deteriorated | |
| 70 | B | Electromagnetic contactor | Contact and core inspection | Open the electromagnetic switch box and check whether the contacts and iron core are abnormally worn or damaged; whether the end surface of the iron core is flat and clean |
| 71 | C | Wiring fixed inspection | Check whether the wiring fixing screws are loose | |
| 72 | A | Contactor action check | The action should be sensitive and reliable, the contacts should be in close contact, no adhesion, jamming failure | |
| 73 | A | Flashlight gate | Visual inspection | The button mark should be obvious, and the flashlight door switch box should be free from trauma |
| 74 | A | Fault abnormality check | There should be no damage near the connection part of the upper and lower ends of the flexible cable of the flashlight door suspension, the chain lock should be fault-free, the internal insulation should be safe and reliable, and there should be no faults such as disconnection. | |
| 75 | A | Lifting limit switch | Action check | Check whether the lifting limit switch is sensitive, safe and reliable |
| 76 | B | Contact check | Check the contacts of the switch for damage and wear. If it is seriously damaged or worn, it should be replaced in time to ensure safe use. | |
| 77 | C | Wiring fixed inspection | Check whether the wiring fixing screws are loose | |
| 78 | A | Limit position check | When the hook pulley group is lifted to the upper limit position, the lifting limit switch should be able to act immediately. At this time, the distance between the highest point of the hook pulley group and the lowest point of the reel should be more than 50mm. | |
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