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With the rapid rise of global oil prices, it is increasingly urgent for container terminals to reduce fuel consumption and operating costs. Therefore, at present, the main handling equipment used in the new special container terminal yard in China are e-rtg and RMG. The two cranes have similar functions, but there are some problems in technical performance, handling performance, operation performance, economic performance, automation performance and so on Differences. This paper will make a preliminary analysis and comparison between e-rtg and RMG.
Compared with internal combustion engine driven RTG, electric drive e-rtg has the advantages of saving energy cost, saving maintenance cost, improving operation environment and reducing environmental pollution in working area. According to the different operation modes of electric power, electric drive RTG mainly has three types: cable reel with streamer type ertg, low altitude sliding contact type ertg and elevated sliding contact type ertg. The basic principle is: in the container yard, the rigid sliding contact line power supply line is set up, the power of power grid is transmitted to the RTG through the sliding contact line and the mobile power supply device, and the mobile power supply device moves synchronously with the RTG, so as to realize the mobile power supply to the RTG. When RTG needs to transfer to another box area for operation, it will be powered by diesel generator set or generator car. After the transfer, the sliding contact line in the box area will provide power.
The main function of the electric drive wheeled container gantry crane is to unload the container, load and unload the semi-trailer, so the container trailer must be used for horizontal transportation in the loading and unloading operation. The span of the standard tyre crane is 23.47m. It can stack six containers and one channel for container towing semi-trailer in the span. Generally, the stacking height is 5 layers and the container span is 4 layers. The utilization rate of the yard is high.
Because the electric drive tire type container gantry crane has a certain degree of mobility and flexibility, it can move horizontally, and can be transferred from one yard area to other yard areas. In the process of operation, the machine is agile and easy to realize the automatic management of loading and unloading operation. It can adapt to the loading and unloading operation of all kinds of container terminals, especially the operation of large container terminals. Therefore, the aircraft is widely used in domestic and foreign ports.
The rail type container gantry crane has the common advantages with the tire type container gantry crane in yard operation, with high operation efficiency and large span and height. The average stack height can reach 4 ~ 6 layers, and the utilization rate of the yard is high. Users can choose the maximum stacking height and single machine span according to the actual needs.
The rail type container gantry crane is driven by electric power, which has the advantages of low power cost, high single machine intact rate and easy maintenance. It is easy to realize the single machine control automation.
The existing problem is: the mobility of loading and unloading operation is poor, only in a limited range of operation. However, the width and the number of stacking layers are inversely proportional to the efficiency of the loading and unloading platform
[www.lunwen.nangxue.com], under the condition of certain carrying capacity, the optimization between the number of equipped units and the span height of single unit is the key problem of this loading and unloading process system and process design.
This machine is more suitable for the yard operation of large and medium-sized container terminals, especially for the destacking operation in the yard where the export containers are piled up in the large container terminals with other handling technology systems.
The loading and unloading process of the electric drive wheel type container gantry crane is as follows: when unloading the ship, the container loading and unloading bridge will load the unloaded containers on the trailer and transport them to the storage yard, and then the electric drive wheel type container gantry crane will be used for unloading and palletizing; When loading, the container is loaded on the trailer by the RTG in the yard and transported to the wharf front, waiting for the loading bridge.
The feature of the scheme is that the container trailer is only used for horizontal transportation, and the RTG is used for stacking and destacking operation, so as to combine the characteristics of rapid transportation of container trailer with more stacking layers of RTG, so as to improve the loading and unloading efficiency of container terminal.
The loading and unloading process of rail mounted container gantry crane includes two types: one is to unload the container from the ship to the container trailer at the front of the wharf with the container loading and unloading bridge, and then drag it to the storage yard, and use the rail mounted container gantry crane for stacking; On the contrary, the rail container gantry crane is used to load the container on the container trailer in the yard, and then it is towed to the front of the wharf, and the loading bridge is used to load the container. The other is not to use horizontal handling machinery between the ship and the yard, but to transfer directly by container crane and rail container gantry crane. The rail mounted container gantry crane extends the cantilever to the lower part of the inner extension of the container handling bridge to relay the container to the storage yard or for railway loading and unloading.
The advantages and disadvantages of the two kinds of handling equipment are summarized in the following table 1
Table 1 Analysis of advantages and disadvantages of ertg and RMG operation mode in yard of handling process scheme
project
Ertg mode of cable drum
RMG mode
advantage
1. Electric drive during operation, saving energy, good environmental protection conditions.
2. The equipment is relatively flexible and can be transferred from one yard to another after power conversion, which is conducive to purchase by stages according to the growth of traffic volume.
3. There is no track in the yard, and the yard is flat and convenient for vehicles. 4. RTG has mature models and rich experience in manufacturing and use. 5. RTG products have been nearly standardized, and the cost is relatively low. 6. The foundation requirements are slightly lower, no special treatment of the foundation is required, and the runway investment is lower. 1. Electric drive, energy saving, good environmental protection conditions. 2. RMG drives along the track, with strong positioning ability and easy to achieve semi-automation
And the fully automated operation reduces the labor intensity of the driver, and the loading and unloading efficiency is higher.
3. RMG maintenance costs are low.
Disadvantage
1. During the transition, the internal combustion engine is driven, and the energy is diesel. The energy consumption and pollution are larger than that of the RMG method.
2. The requirement for deviation is slightly higher, and measures need to be added to prevent the ERTG from colliding with the electrical box.
3. Due to factors such as tire replacement and diesel engine overhaul, the maintenance cost is relatively high.
1. The equipment must run along the track, which has poor flexibility and can only operate within a certain range.
2. Track laying on the ground has a certain impact on vehicle traffic and turning.
3. The installed electricity capacity is large, and the corresponding substation is relatively large, which increases investment.
4. The requirements for track and foundation are high, and the foundation needs special treatment to meet the requirements.
5 Conclusion
It can be seen that both E-RTG and RMG currently have advantages that the other party cannot replace. Within a certain period of time, they will continue to develop in an environment that suits them by virtue of their respective advantages. Therefore, the selection of container handling tools in the terminal yard or container yard needs to start from a strategic point of view and fully consider the following factors: 1. The expected throughput of the terminal; 2. The investment capacity of the terminal; 3. Field status; 4. The proportion of various loading and unloading machinery; 5. The advanced nature of the management system; 6. The evaluation of economic benefits and work efficiency.
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